ACKNOWLedGMENTS TABLE OF CASES Introduction PART LPATENTS Chapter 1. The Foundations of Patent Protection 1.1 Origins and Development of United States Patent Law 1.2 Patent Basics 1.3 The Two Theories of Patent Pro- tection Chapter 2.The Subject Matter of Patents 2.1 Ideas v. Applications 2.2 The Statutory Scheme 2.3 Processes as Subject Matter Apart From Products 2.4 The Boundaries of the Three Product Categories 2.5 Compositions of Matter 2.6 Manufacture 2.7 Machines 2.8 Computer-Related Patents 2.9 Orphan Drug Act Chapter 2. The Subject Matter of Pat- ents---Continued 2.10Plant and Design Patents Chapter 3. Patentability-Novelty and Statutory Bar 3.1 Overview 3.2 Foreign Anticipation 3.3 Domestic Anticipation 3.4 References to Prior Publications 3.5 Substantial and Reolized Antici- pation 3.6 Statutory Bar 3.7 The Policies of Statutory Bar 3.8 Publicity and Limited Disclo- sures 3.9 Competing Claims to Novelty by Two or More Inventors--Prior- ity Chapter 4. Patentability-Utility 4.1 Qualitative Utility 4.2 Presumed Utility Chapter 5. Patentability-Non-Obvi- ousness 5.1Overview 5.2 Invention and Nonobviousness 5.3Negative Rules of Invention 5.4 The Statutory Test 5.5Nonobviousness and Novelty Chapter 5. Patentability-Non. Obvi- ousness- Continued 5.6 The Secondary Considerations 5.7The Importation of Section 102 Prior Art into Section 103 Chapter 6. Double-Patenting 6.1Attempts to Extend the Patent Monopoly 6.2Terminal Disclaimer Chapter 7.The Patenting Process 7.1 Overview 7.2 The Patentee 7.3 Joint Invention 7.4 Prosecuting a Patent Application 7.5 The Specifications and Claims 7.6 The Limits of Agency Discretion 7.7Claims Drafting 7.8 The Duty of Candor 7.9 Reissue and Re-examination 7.10Judicial Review Chapter 8.Infringement 8.1Overview 8.2 File Wrapper Estoppel 8.3Claim Interpretation--Differenti- ation, Litorality, and Equiva- lence 8.4 The Patent Rights Chapter 8.Infringement--Continued 8.5 Direct, Indirect, and Contributo- ry Infringement 8.6 Repair and Reconstruction 8.7 Infringement Defenses--Misuse Chapter 9. Remedies 9.1 Overview 9.2 Injunctive Relief 9.3Damages 9.4 Attorneys'' Fees Chapter 10. Patent Law and the Intersec- tion of State -nd Federal Regulation 10.1 Overview PART ILTRADEMARKS Chapter 11. The Foundations of Trade- mark Protection 11.1Origins and Development of Trademark Law 11.2 Common Law Trademark 11.3 Federal Registration Chapter 12. Distinctiveness 12.1 Overview 12.2Different Market. 12.3Prior Use 12.4Seconal-fy Meaning and Descrip- tiveness Chapter 12. Distinctivenes-Continued 12.5The Bars Against Geographic Marks, Immoral Marks, and Surnames 12.6The Supplemental Register Chapter 13.Dilution and the Expansion of Tradem--k Doctrine 13.1 Overview 13.2Trademarks and Goodwill 13.3Likelihood of Expansion 13.4The Interests Protected 13.5State Anti-dilution Statutes Chapter 14. Loss of Trademark Protec- tion and Partial Protection 14.1Partial Rights 14.2The Rights of a Senior Regis- trant Against a Pre-registra- tion User 14.3The Rights of a Junior Regis- trant Against a Pre-registra- tion User 14.4 Concurrent Registration 14.5 Abandonment 14.6Incontestability Chapter 15.Trademark Practice 15.1Overview 15.2First Use in Commerce 15.3Standing Chapter 16. Subject Matter 16.1 Overview 16.2Certification Marks 16.3Collective Marks 16.4Service Marks 16.5Primary Purpose 16.6The Functional Bar 16.7Color 16.8Section 43 a Chapter 17. Infringement 17.1Overview 17.2 Similarity of Marks 17.3Similarity of Goods or Services 17.4Character and Similarity of Mar- kets 17.5Subsidiary Evidence of Likeli- hood of Confusion 17.6Defenses--Fair and Collateral Use 17.7 Gray Market Goods Chapter 18. Remedies 18.1Overview 18.2Injunctive Relief 18.3Accounting 18.4Damages 18.5Attorneys'' Fees PART HI. COPYRIGHT Chapter 19. Foundations of Copyright Protection 19.1Origins and Development of Copyright Law 19.2The Copyright Acts 19.3TheCommonLaw-Statutory Copyright Distinction and the 1976 Act 19.4Copyright Basics Chapter 20.The Subject Matter of Copy- right 20.1Originality 20.2Copyrightable Works 20.3Noncopyrightable Works 20.4Writings and Fixation 20.5 Computer Programs 20.6Semiconductor Chip Protection Act 20.7Sound Recordings 20.8Copyright Formalities--Registra- tion and Notice Chapter 21. Exclusive Rights 21.1Introduction 21.2Reproduction 21.3Derivative Works 21.4Distribution 21.5Performance Chapter 21. Exclusive Rights-Continued 21.6 Display Chapter 22. Infringement 22.1Overview 22.2Proof of Infringement 22.3Infringement of Musical Works 22.4Infringement of Literary Works Chapter 23. Fair Use 23.1 Overview 23.2The DynAmics of Fair Use 23.3Purpose and Character of the Use 23.4Nature of the Work 23.5The Proportional Amount and Substance of the Use 23.6The Effect on the Original Au- thor''s Economic Market 23.7Parody, Burlesque, and Satire 23.8Fair Use and Free Speech 23.9Photocopying 23.10 The Functional-Equivalents Test Chapter 24. Ownership 24.1The Copyright and the Material Object 24.2Multiple Claims to Authorship 24.3The Rights of Co-authors 24.4Duration of Ownership 24.5 Termination of Transfers Chapter 24. Ownership Continued 24.6 Works for Hire 24.7 Pre-existing Works Chapter 25. Formal Requirements 25.1 Registration 25.2Notice Chapter 26. Remedies 26.1 Injunctive Relief 26.2Damages and Profits 26.3 Impoundment 26.4Criminal Penalties 26.5 Attorneys'' Fees and Costs Chapter 27. Copyright Laws and the In- tersection of State and Fed- eral Regulation 27.1 Preemption 27.2State Remedies 27.3Other Federal Remedies 27.4Moral Rights and the Berne Con- vention INDEX
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