PREFACE xlvii PART I General Issues 1 Introduction: Themes of Psycholinguistics Introduction The Scope of Psycholinguistics Language Processes and Linguistic Knowledge Four Language Examples Summary The Historical Context Early Psycholinguistics Behaviorism and Verbal Behavior Later Psycholinguistics Current Directions Summary Review Questions Thought Questions 2 Linguistic Principles Introduction Basic Grammatical Concepts Duality of Patterning Morphology Phrase Structure Linguistic Productivity Summary Insights from Sign Language Differences Between Signed and Spoken Languages Similarities Between Signed and Spoken Languages Significance of Sign Language Summary Transformational Grammar Language and Grammar Deep and Surface Structure Transformational Rules Summary Issues in Grammatical Theory Psychological Reality of Grammar The Centrality of Syntax Is Language Innate? Summary Review Questions Thought Questions 3 Psychological Mechanisms Introduction The Information-Processing System Working Memory Long-Term Memory Relevance for Language Processing Summary Central Issues in Language Processing Serial and Parallel Processing Top-Down and Bottom-Up Processes …… PART Ⅱ Language Comprehension PART Ⅲ Language Production and Conversational Interaction PART Ⅳ Language Acquisition PART Ⅴ Language in Perspective GLOSSARY REFERENCES PHOTO CREDITS AUTHOR INDEX SUBJECT INDEX