新生兒醫(yī)師手冊(cè)

部分 產(chǎn)前、產(chǎn)時(shí)、分娩和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)管理
Antepartum, Intrapartum, Delivery, and Transport Management
1 胎兒評(píng)估 Fetal Assessment 002
2 產(chǎn)科麻醉和新生兒 Obstetric Anesthesia and the Neonate 011
3 新生兒復(fù)蘇 Resuscitation of the Newborn 017
4 嬰兒轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn) Infant Transport 026
第二部分 基礎(chǔ)管理
Basic Management
5 胎齡和出生體重的分類(lèi) Gestational Age and Birthweight Classif ication 032
6 新生兒體格檢查 Newborn Physical Examination 045
7 體溫調(diào)節(jié) Temperature Regulation 069
8 呼吸管理 Respiratory Management 074
9 液體與電解質(zhì) Fluid and Electrolyte 094
10 營(yíng)養(yǎng)管理 Nutritional Management 102
第三部分 高級(jí)管理
Advanced Management
11 影像學(xué)檢查 Imaging Studies 144
12 超低出生體重早產(chǎn)兒出生后周管理 Management of the 
Extremely Low Birthweight Infant During the First Week of Life 167
13 晚期早產(chǎn)兒的管理 Management of the Late Preterm Infant 180
14 新生兒疼痛 Pain in the Neonate 183
15 新生兒疾病篩查 Newborn Screening 187
16 神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)評(píng)估 Studies for Neurologic Evaluation 192
17 成分輸血 Blood Component Therapy 200
18 新生兒體外生命支持 Extracorporeal Life Support in the Neonate 208
19 高危新生兒的隨訪 Follow-Up of High-Risk Infants 222
20 新生兒學(xué)的補(bǔ)充和替代治療 
Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapies in Neonatology 227
21 新生兒倫理學(xué) Neonatal Bioethics 234
第四部分 操 作
Procedures
新生兒操作規(guī)范 Principles of Neonatal Procedure 242
22 動(dòng)脈通路：動(dòng)脈穿刺（橈動(dòng)脈穿刺） 
Arterial Access: Arterial Puncture (Radial Artery Puncture) 245
23 動(dòng)脈通路：外周動(dòng)脈置管（橈動(dòng)脈置管） 
Arterial Access: Percutaneous Arterial Catheterization (Arterial Line) 248
24 動(dòng)脈通路：臍動(dòng)脈置管 
Arterial Access: Umbilical Artery Catheterization 251
25 膀胱穿刺（恥骨上穿刺） 
Bladder Aspiration (Suprapubic Urine Collection) 259
26 膀胱置管導(dǎo)尿 Bladder Catheterization 262
27 胸腔置管 Chest Tube Placement 265
28 心臟除顫及復(fù)律 Def ibrillation and Cardioversion 271
29 氣管內(nèi)插管及拔管 Endotracheal Intubation and Extubation 275
30 交換輸血 Exchange Transfusion 283
31 外周靜脈外滲和滲漏：早期處理 
Peripheral IV Extravasation and Inf iltration: Initial Management 288
32 胃和經(jīng)幽門(mén)置管 Gastric and Transpyloric Intubation 290
33 足跟采血（毛細(xì)血管采血） Heelstick (Capillary Blood Sampling) 296
34 喉罩氣道通路 Laryngeal Mask Airway 300
35 腰椎穿刺（脊椎穿刺） Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap) 303
36 造瘺口護(hù)理 Ostomy Care 308
37 腹腔穿刺術(shù) Paracentesis (Abdominal) 312
38 心包穿刺術(shù) Pericardiocentesis 315
39 亞低溫治療 Therapeutic Hypothermia 318
40 透光術(shù) Transillumination 322
41 靜脈血管通路：骨髓輸液 Venous Access: Intraosseous Infusion 325
42 靜脈通路：經(jīng)皮中心靜脈置管 
Venous Access: Percutaneous Central Venous Catheterization 328
43 靜脈通路：外周靜脈置管 
Venous Access: Peripheral Intravenous Catheterization 334
44 靜脈血管通路：臍靜脈置管 
Venous Access: Umbilical Vein Catheterization 338
45 靜脈血管通路：靜脈穿刺（采血） 
Venous Access: Venipuncture (Phlebotomy) 344
第五部分 急癥
On-Call Problems
46 異常血?dú)?Abnormal Blood Gas 348
47 呼吸暫停和心動(dòng)過(guò)緩（A’s和B’s） 
Apnea and Bradycardia (“A’s and B’s”) 357
48 心律失常 Arrhythmia 368
49 便血 Bloody Stool 378
50 高危分娩前患兒父母的咨詢 
Counseling Parents Before High-Risk Delivery 384
51 發(fā)紺 Cyanosis 388
52 新生兒死亡 Death of an Infant 395
53 眼分泌物與結(jié)膜炎 Eye Discharge and Conjunctivitis 400
54 胃潴留 Gastric Aspiration (Residuals) 408
55 上消化道出血 Gastrointestinal Bleeding from the upper Tract 414
56 血尿 Hematuria 419
57 高結(jié)合膽紅素血癥 Hyperbilirubinemia, Conjugated 421
58 高未結(jié)合膽紅素血癥 Hyperbilirubinemia, Unconjugated 430
59 高血糖 Hyperglycemia 440
60 高鉀血癥 Hyperkalemia 446
61 高血壓 Hypertension 452
62 低血糖 Hypoglycemia 460
63 低鉀血癥 Hypoklacemia 470
64 低鈉血癥 Hyponatremia 475
65 低血壓及休克 Hypotension and Shock 480
66 嬰兒可以出院了嗎 Is the Infant Ready for Discharge 491
67 48小時(shí)內(nèi)未排便 No Stool in 48 Hours 496
68 48小時(shí)無(wú)尿 No Urine Output in 24 Hours 503
69 氣腹 Pneumoperitoneum 509
70 氣胸 Pneumothorax 515
71 紅細(xì)胞增多癥 Polycythemia 521
72 低灌注 Poor Perfusion 527
73 出生后抗生素的使用 Postdelivery Antibiotics 531
74 肺出血 Pulmonary Hemorrhage 541
75 皮疹及皮膚問(wèn)題 Rash and Dermatologic Problems 547
76 鎮(zhèn)靜和鎮(zhèn)痛 Sedation and Analgesia 558
77 驚厥 Seizure Activity 564
78 產(chǎn)傷 Traumatic Delivery 573
79 血管痙攣和血栓形成 Vasospasms and Thromboembolism 582
第六部分 疾病與功能紊亂
Diseases and Disorders
80 ABO血型不合 ABO Incompatibility 594
81 氣漏綜合征 Air Leak Syndromes 596
82 貧血 Anemia 603
83 呼吸暫停 Apnea 612
84 支氣管肺發(fā)育不良/慢性肺病 
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/Chronic Lung Disease 617
85 代謝紊亂（低鈣血癥，高鈣血癥） 
Calcium Disorders (Hypocalcemia, Hypercalcemia) 622
86 衣原體感染 Chlamydial Infection 628
87 凝血障礙 Coagulation Disorders 631
88 常見(jiàn)的多發(fā)先天畸形綜合征 
 Common Multiple Congenital Anomaly Syndromes 648
89 先天性心臟病 Congenital Heart Disease 655
90 巨細(xì)胞病毒感染 Cytomegalovirus 664
91 性發(fā)育異常 Disorders of Sex Development 669
92 腸道病毒和副腸孤病毒 Enteroviruses and Parechoviruses 677
93 新生兒眼部疾病 Eye Disorders of the Newborn 681
94 淋球菌感染 Gonorrhea 686
95 新生兒肝炎 Hepatitis 688
96 單純皰疹病毒 Herpes Simplex Viruses 696
97 人免疫缺陷病毒感染 Human Immunodeficiency Virus 701
98 腦積水和腦室擴(kuò)張 Hydrocephalus and Ventriculomegaly 709
99 高直接膽紅素血癥（高結(jié)合膽紅素血癥） 
Hyperbilirubinemia, Direct (Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia) 715
100 高間接膽紅素血癥（高未結(jié)合膽紅素血癥） 
Hyperbilirubinemia, Indirect (Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia) 724
101 新生兒期急性起病的遺傳代謝性疾病 
Inborn Errors of Metabolism with Acute Neonatal Onset 738
102 糖尿病母親嬰兒 Infant of a Diabetic Mother 761
103 物質(zhì)濫用母親的嬰兒 Infant of Substance-Abusing Mother 767
104 顱內(nèi)出血 Intracranial Hemorrhage 777
105 宮內(nèi)生長(zhǎng)受限 
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (Small for Gestational Age) 786
106 萊姆病 Lyme Disease 796
107 鎂代謝紊亂（高鎂血癥、低鎂血癥） 
Magnesium Disorders (Hypomagnesemia, Hypermagnesemia) 800
108 胎糞吸入 Meconium Aspiration 803
109 腦膜炎 Meningitis 808
110 耐甲氧西林金黃色葡萄球菌感染 
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections 811
111 多胎妊娠 Multiple Gestation 816
112 重癥肌無(wú)力（新生兒暫時(shí)性） Myasthenia Gravis (Transient Neonatal) 821
113 壞死性小腸結(jié)腸炎 Necrotizing Enterocolitis 823
114 神經(jīng)管畸形 Neural Tube Defects 830
115 骨科與肌肉骨骼問(wèn)題 Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Problems 838
116 早產(chǎn)兒骨質(zhì)減少癥 Osteopenia of Prematurity 846
117 微小病毒B19感染 Parvovirus B19 Infection 851
118 動(dòng)脈導(dǎo)管未閉 Patent Ductus Arteriosus 854
119 圍生期窒息 Perinatal Asphyxia 859
120 新生兒持續(xù)肺動(dòng)脈高壓 
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn 870
121 百日咳 Pertussis 878
122 紅細(xì)胞增多和高黏滯血癥 Polycythemia and Hyperviscosity 882
123 急性腎功能衰竭（急性腎損傷） 
Renal Failure, Acute (Acute Kidney Injury) 886
124 呼吸窘迫綜合征 Respiratory Distress Syndrome 891
125 呼吸道合胞病毒 Respiratory Syncytial Virus 896
126 早產(chǎn)兒視網(wǎng)膜病變 Retinopathy of Prematurity 900
127 Rh溶血病 Rh Incompatibility 905
128 風(fēng)疹 Rubella 911
129 新生兒驚厥 Seizures 914
130 膿毒癥 Sepsis 922
131 自發(fā)性腸穿孔 Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation 931
132 新生兒外科疾?。焊共磕[塊 
 Surgical Disease of the Newborn: Abdominal Masses 934
133 新生兒外科疾病：腹壁缺損 
 Surgical Disease of the Newborn: Abdominal Wall Defects 936
134 新生兒外科疾?。合拦Ｗ?nbsp;
 Surgical Diseases of the Newborn: Alimentary Tract Obstruction 939
135 新生兒外科疾?。簹獾?、支氣管及肺部疾病 
 Surgical Diseases of the Newborn: Diseases of the Airway, 
Tracheobronchial Tree, and Lungs 944
136 新生兒外科疾?。焊鼓ず竽[瘤 
Surgical Diseases of the Newborn: Retroperitoneal Tumors 949
137 新生兒外科疾?。好谀蛳到y(tǒng)畸形 
Surgical Diseases of the Newborn: Urologic Disorders 951
138 梅毒 Syphilis 956
139 血小板減少及血小板功能障礙 
 Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Dysfunction 962
140 甲狀腺疾病 Thyroid Disorders 968
141 TORCH感染 TORCH Infection 975
142 弓形體病 Toxoplasmosis 976
143 新生兒暫時(shí)性呼吸增快 Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn 981
144 結(jié)核 Tuberculosis 988
145 解脲支原體感染 Ureaplasma Infection 993
146 尿路感染 Urinary Tract Infection 995
147 水痘 — 帶狀皰疹病毒感染 Varicella-zoster infection 997
第七部分 新生兒藥理學(xué)
Neonatal Pharmacology
148 新生兒重癥監(jiān)護(hù)室使用的藥物 
Medications Used in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit 1004
149 藥物和物質(zhì)對(duì)哺乳和嬰兒的影響 
Effects of Drugs and Substances on Lactation and Infants 1115
附 錄
Appendices
附錄A 新生兒學(xué)常用縮略詞 Abbreviations Used in Neonatology 1138
附錄B 新生兒Apgar 評(píng)分 Apgar Scoring 1172
附錄C 血壓測(cè)量 Blood Pressure Determinations 1172
附錄D 病歷記錄 Chartwork 1174
附錄E 預(yù)防接種表 Immunization Tables 1178
附錄F 隔離指導(dǎo)原則 Isolation Guidelines 1181
附錄G 體溫?fù)Q算表 Temperature Conversion Table 1187
附錄H 體重?fù)Q算表 Weight Conversion Table 1188
附錄I 彩色插圖 Color Insert 1189